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1 – 10 of 141
Article
Publication date: 1 February 1996

Raj Arora and Charles Stoner

Considerable attention has been focussed on the measurement of service quality. In fact, the 1990s has been referred to as the era of customer service. However, little empirical…

3818

Abstract

Considerable attention has been focussed on the measurement of service quality. In fact, the 1990s has been referred to as the era of customer service. However, little empirical research has been done to demonstrate the impact of service quality on usage decisions. Product (brand or service) name familiarity is another variable that has been recognized as having a major influence on the choice of products (services). Reports the findings of an experimental study investigating the impact of service quality and name familiarity on the respondents’ attitudes and intention to use these services.

Details

Journal of Services Marketing, vol. 10 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0887-6045

Keywords

Open Access
Article
Publication date: 6 June 2023

Vimal Raj L., S. Amilan and K. Aparna

This study aims to construct an appropriate framework by incorporating essential components from the most renowned theories to investigate the variables that impact behavioural…

5134

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to construct an appropriate framework by incorporating essential components from the most renowned theories to investigate the variables that impact behavioural intentions towards embracing cashless transactions (CLT).

Design/methodology/approach

A survey was conducted to ascertain the users’ intention to adopt CLT in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. Further, this study used a “partial least squares-based structural equation modelling” technique to analyse the relationships between latent factors.

Findings

The results of the proposed model revealed that 11 independent variables together explain the intention to use CLT with a 60.5% explanatory power. Further, perceived usefulness is the most influential factor in predicting users’ willingness to adopt CLT, followed by social influence, perceived costs, attitude, trust and device barriers. Finally, the findings of moderator effects indicate that income and experience interact positively and strongly with behavioural intention to adopt CLT. It indicates that high-income, experienced users are more likely to convert their intentions into actions.

Originality/value

This study integrated critical elements from the major theories, such as Theory of Reasoned Action, Technology Acceptance Model, Decomposed Theory of Planned Behaviour, the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) model and UTAUT2, to investigate the adoption of CLT. As a result, 11 crucial factors were identified from the existing literature that impacts CLT adoption without overlapping. Consequently, the model presented in this study provides a more profound understanding than previous research regarding why individuals adopt CLT systems. Accordingly, these results could aid policymakers in addressing people’s concerns and facilitating a seamless transition to a cashless society.

Details

South Asian Journal of Marketing, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2719-2377

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 March 1985

Raj Arora, S. Tamer Cavusgil and John R. Nevin

The usefulness of factor congruency analysis in bank marketing research is demonstrated by a study of the financial services market in a large Midwestern American city, utilising…

3330

Abstract

The usefulness of factor congruency analysis in bank marketing research is demonstrated by a study of the financial services market in a large Midwestern American city, utilising data obtained from consumers by mail survey methodology (eliciting a 34 per cent response rate from a sample of 2,000 residents). The analysis technique provided a formal approach to testing stability of factor structures which relate to choice of banks versus savings and loans. The findings established that consumers' criteria in choosing both financial institutions are generally similar, and it is hoped this will lead to further usage of the technique in future banking research.

Details

International Journal of Bank Marketing, vol. 3 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0265-2323

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 June 2006

Raj Arora, Charles Stoner and Alisha Arora

To investigate the influence of message framing and message credibility on one's attitude and intention toward exercise and fitness activities.

4386

Abstract

Purpose

To investigate the influence of message framing and message credibility on one's attitude and intention toward exercise and fitness activities.

Design/methodology/approach

A sample of 136 respondents participated in the study. A 2 × 2 factorial design was utilized and tested using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA).

Findings

The findings reveal the significance of source credibility for influencing both attitude and intention toward exercise and fitness activities. Additionally, the results reveal a significant impact of current lifestyle on attitude as well as intention toward exercise and fitness activities.

Research limitations/implications

The findings suggest the importance of carefully designed messages to reach and affect a target population whose exercise activity has been largely unaffected despite years of public pronouncements and publicity.

Practical implications

Service marketers could most effectively encourage physical activity by utilizing highly credible sources in their messages. If high credibility sources cannot be secured, positively framed messages should be used.

Originality/value

The interaction effects of message framing and source credibility have received limited research attention, particularly in the exercise and fitness context.

Details

Journal of Consumer Marketing, vol. 23 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0736-3761

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 31 October 2008

Raj Arora

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effectiveness of price bundling and message framing on attitudes, intentions, and beliefs about attributes of teeth whitening…

4546

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effectiveness of price bundling and message framing on attitudes, intentions, and beliefs about attributes of teeth whitening products. Although each of these variables, message framing and price bundling, has been explored individually, few attempts have been made to investigate them jointly. This study is based on a full factorial design that allows for testing of interaction effects. Second, the market for whitening products is maturing, resulting in a target market that is gaining knowledge about these products. Thus, we use knowledge as a covariate in the above investigation to determine if the communication strategy should be changed as the product moves from introduction to maturity.

Design/methodology/approach

The study is based on a 2 × 2 factorial design with price bundling (bundle price – individual price) and framing (positive – negative). The setting for the study is a hypothetical brand name of teeth whitening products.

Findings

The results reveal a mixed picture with respect to effectiveness of pricing and framing on attitudes and intentions. The effect of price bundling is not significant on attitudes; it is significant on intentions. Framing has a greater impact on intentions than on attitudes. Nevertheless, the interaction effects are significant on both attitudes as well as intentions. Finally, the impact of knowledge as a covariate is significant.

Research limitations/implications

Caution is advised in extrapolating the results beyond the issues investigated in the study.

Practical implications

The findings help marketers in formulating effective marketing strategy using both price bundling and message framing strategies.

Originality/value

Although price bundling and message framing have been explored in marketing studies, the research is lacking on the combined effects of these two important variables. The findings show a significant interaction effect of pricing and framing on changing attitudes and intentions. Prior research recommends using negative framing. The present research shows that for bundle products, a positive framing approach is desirable.

Details

Journal of Product & Brand Management, vol. 17 no. 7
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1061-0421

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 27 July 2012

Raj Arora

This paper aims to use a mixed method approach to understand the role of emotions and sensual delight in influencing satisfaction and intention. The setting for the study is…

5547

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to use a mixed method approach to understand the role of emotions and sensual delight in influencing satisfaction and intention. The setting for the study is restaurants. Three types of restaurants form the basis of investigation: fine dining, family dining and fast food restaurants. Using three categories of restaurants affords the opportunity to understand the differential impact of sensual delight and emotions in these settings. Furthermore the mixed method approach helps to validate the quantitative findings and also to offer additional insight in consumption emotions.

Design/methodology/approach

The study is based on a concurrent, two‐studies design where quantitative and qualitative data are both collected (concurrently or sequentially) and analyzed separately. Four independent investigations are reported in this paper. The first three investigations (fine dining, family dining and fast food dining) are based on quantitative modeling using LISREL. The last investigation provides a richer narrative using phenomenological approach.

Findings

The quantitative findings show a strong influence of sensual delight and emotions in affecting satisfaction and intentions. The qualitative findings show how managers may enhance the dining experience and customer satisfaction.

Research limitations/implications

Caution is advised in extrapolating the results beyond the issues investigated in the study.

Practical implications

The findings provide a framework for managers in creating a delightful dining experience.

Originality/value

There are several important contributions from this study. First the role of emotions in various dining aspects is new in this study. It has not been investigated in dining situations. Next, while the role of sensual delight in hedonic situations is understandable, it has not been systematically investigated using causal models. Third, this study uses a mixed method approach. The quantitative study is followed by a qualitative study to add further insights that will help understand drivers of satisfaction or dissatisfaction. Thus it is a very comprehensive study on sensual delight in the restaurant industry.

Details

Journal of Consumer Marketing, vol. 29 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0736-3761

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 25 September 2007

Raj Arora

This paper aims to investigate the effectiveness of message framing and source credibility on attitudes, intentions and beliefs about attributes of teeth whitening products…

3545

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to investigate the effectiveness of message framing and source credibility on attitudes, intentions and beliefs about attributes of teeth whitening products. Although each of these variables, message framing and credibility, has been explored individually, few attempts have been made to investigate them jointly. This study aims to base itself on a full factorial design that allows for testing of interaction effects. Similar investigations in marketing limit their inquiries primarily to attitudes and intentions as dependent variables. This study goes further in that it also aims to investigate the effect of framing and credibility on the salient attributes of products. Third, the market for whitening products is maturing, resulting in a target market that is gaining knowledge about these products. Thus, the paper seeks to use knowledge as a covariate in the above investigation to determine if the communication strategy should be changed as the product moves from introduction to maturity.

Design/methodology/approach

The study is based on a 2 × 2 factorial design with framing (positive‐negative) and credibility (high‐low). The setting for the study is a hypothetical brand name of teeth whitening products.

Findings

The results reveal that positive framing is more effective in changing attitudes and intentions. However, the effects of framing and credibility are significant in changing beliefs related to the product's attributes. Although the covariate knowledge is significant, the findings indicate that communication strategy need not change as the product moves from introduction to maturity.

Research limitations/implications

Caution is advised in extrapolating the results beyond the issues investigated in the study.

Practical implications

The findings help marketers in formulating effective strategies.

Originality/value

The focus of most research studies in marketing is on changing attitudes and intentions. This research also includes the change in beliefs regarding the attributes of the product. Prior research on framing is tilted towards the use of negative framing. The findings of this study suggest using positive or gain‐framed messages.

Details

Journal of Product & Brand Management, vol. 16 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1061-0421

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 August 2006

Raj Arora

Using the framework of search attributes, experience attributes, credence attributes and conjoint analysis methodology, the purpose of this paper is to estimate the utilities of…

6317

Abstract

Purpose

Using the framework of search attributes, experience attributes, credence attributes and conjoint analysis methodology, the purpose of this paper is to estimate the utilities of various attributes that may be used in positioning teeth‐whitening products. In addition, this research also investigates the role of “penny‐a‐day” (pricing in cents) versus full pricing. Third, disclosure of side‐effects that may result from using these products (an important health care issue) and its impact on consumer choice are also investigated.

Design/methodology/approach

The study uses conjoint analysis to estimate the utilities of key attributes of teeth‐whitening products.

Findings

The results reveal that consumers prefer a product that provides benefits lasting for several months after use, a product that does not result in any side‐effects and a slight preference for penny‐a‐day pricing approach.

Research limitations/implications

Caution is advised in extrapolating the results beyond the range investigated in the study.

Practical implications

The findings help marketers in designing new products and positioning teeth‐whitening products based on desirable attributes.

Originality/value

Use of conjoint analysis in investigating the above issues (penny‐a‐day pricing, disclosure of side‐effects) has received limited attention in teeth‐whitening products.

Details

Journal of Product & Brand Management, vol. 15 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1061-0421

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 17 July 2009

Raj Arora and Charles Stoner

This paper aims to use a mixed method (qualitative and quantitative) approach to exploring product personality. It also aims to focus on the personality dimensions of two retails…

14411

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to use a mixed method (qualitative and quantitative) approach to exploring product personality. It also aims to focus on the personality dimensions of two retails stores (Target and Wal‐Mart) and two athletic brands (Adidas and Nike). While personality has been investigated in marketing settings, the focus has been limited to using quantitative scales. This approach has the potential of leaving out rich details of personality not captured by the scale, thereby offering little helpful information for advertising copy writers. While qualitative approaches may lack the formal test of hypotheses, they afford rich narrative that adds important insights about the products and practical help for advertising development.

Design/methodology/approach

The study is based on a concurrent, two‐studies design where qualitative and quantitative data are both collected and analyzed separately (concurrently or sequentially). A survey is used to measure the personality dimensions based on Aaker's five personality dimensions. In addition, various personality dimensions are explored using in‐depth, one‐to‐one interviews; grounded theory framework; and QDA software that is especially suitable for text analysis.

Findings

The findings reveal lack of convergence in personality dimensions. While full convergence is not expected due to method and sample characteristics, the findings revealed important dimensions that appeared only in either the qualitative or quantitative analysis. For example, the attributes of competence, sophistication, and ruggedness failed to emerge in the qualitative analyses.

Research limitations/ implications

Caution is advised in extrapolating the results beyond the issues investigated in the study.

Practical implications

The findings help marketers in formulating effective product design, positioning, and promotion strategies.

Originality/value

Most of the research on the subject of personality has been designed around Aaker's five dimensions of personality. There has been some variation to the instrument to capture dimensions such as nurturance, and integrity, ruggedness, and sophistication. However, there is a void in qualitative research that is oriented towards discovering (rather than testing) the dimensions of personality. This paper uses qualitative research methodology, specifically a grounded theory framework, to discover the personality of products, and to compare these outcomes with Aaker's five‐dimensional scale.

Details

Journal of Product & Brand Management, vol. 18 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1061-0421

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 25 January 2011

Raj Arora

This paper aims to use a mixed method (qualitative and quantitative) approach to exploring the effectiveness of price bundling.

5013

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to use a mixed method (qualitative and quantitative) approach to exploring the effectiveness of price bundling.

Design/methodology/approach

The study is based on a concurrent, two‐studies design where quantitative and qualitative data are both collected (concurrently or sequentially) and analyzed separately. The first study is based on a nested experimental design, and the second study is based on in‐depth interviews. The setting for the study is frequently purchased products, specifically teeth‐whitening products. The bundled items are: teeth whitener, toothpaste, mouthwash, toothbrush and dental floss. Various forms of discounts are tested to assess the effectiveness of bundles. While bundling has been investigated in marketing settings, the focus has been limited to consumer durables using quantitative scales. The experimental study is followed by a qualitative investigation in order to add further insight into the consumer's choice of a bundle. This mixed method approach provides rich narrative that adds important insights about the decision process and offers suggestions for advertising development.

Findings

The findings do not support a bundling approach. Although the consumers perceive higher value of the bundle, the attitudes, intentions and narratives support promoting these items individually rather than as a bundle.

Research limitations/implications

Caution is advised in extrapolating the results beyond the issues investigated in the study.

Practical implications

The findings suggest caution for marketers in designing product bundles, positioning, and promotion strategies.

Originality/value

There are three major contributions of this study. First, the current literature suggests price bundling is an effective strategy. This study suggests that for certain products bundling may not be effective. Second, the past literature has not investigated the influence of type of discount on effectiveness of a bundle. Third, most studies in price bundling are quantitative in nature. This study uses a mixed method approach. The quantitative study is followed by a qualitative study to add further insights that will help understand consumer motivations behind the preferences.

Details

Journal of Consumer Marketing, vol. 28 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0736-3761

Keywords

1 – 10 of 141